Terrorism remains one of the most critical challenges to international peace and security. With its own long history of facing cross-border terrorism, India has emerged as a strong voice in global counter-terrorism efforts. From pushing for international conventions at the United Nations to active participation in global forums, India has consistently emphasized the need for a united global response.

This blog explores India’s role in counter-terrorism, its initiatives at the international level, and the challenges that remain.

Why Counter-Terrorism is Important for India

• India has been a victim of terrorism for decades (Punjab insurgency, Kashmir militancy, 26/11 Mumbai attacks).

• Cross-border terrorism remains a major national security concern.

• Global terrorism directly impacts India’s economic growth, security, and foreign relations.

• India believes terrorism is a global challenge requiring collective action, not limited to any region or religion.

India’s Role at the United Nations

• United Nations Global Counter-Terrorism Strategy (UNGCTS): India supports a comprehensive strategy without double standards.

• Comprehensive Convention on International Terrorism (CCIT): Proposed by India in 1996, still under negotiation.

• UN Security Council (UNSC): As a non-permanent member (2021–22), India chaired important committees on counter-terrorism.

• India consistently demands that nations avoid providing safe havens, funding, or arms to terrorists.

India’s Role in Global & Regional Forums

1. Financial Action Task Force (FATF)

• India supports FATF in curbing terror financing.

• Advocates for stricter monitoring of countries supporting terror groups.

2. Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO)

• Actively raises concerns about cross-border terrorism.

• Supports cooperation in intelligence sharing and security frameworks.

3. BRICS Counter-Terrorism Strategy

• Calls for cooperation among BRICS nations to combat radicalization, cyberterrorism, and financing networks.

4. QUAD (India, US, Japan, Australia)

• Strengthens Indo-Pacific security, including counter-terrorism in maritime zones.

5. Bilateral & Multilateral Engagements

• India has signed counter-terrorism agreements with the US, Russia, EU, Israel, France, and Gulf nations.

• Shares intelligence and security cooperation with neighbors under SAARC and BIMSTEC frameworks.

Key Domestic Initiatives Supporting Global Efforts

• National Investigation Agency (NIA): Investigates terrorism-related crimes.

• Unlawful Activities Prevention Act (UAPA): Strengthened legal framework against terror groups.

• National Security Guard (NSG): Specialized anti-terror force with international collaboration.

• Cybersecurity initiatives: Target online radicalization and terror financing via digital platforms.

Challenges in Global Counter-Terrorism

• Lack of consensus on defining terrorism globally.

• Geopolitical rivalries where some nations use terrorism as a tool of foreign policy.

• Emerging threats like cyberterrorism, lone-wolf attacks, and drone-based attacks.

• Slow pace of reforms in global organizations like the UN.

Notes for Quick Revision

📌 India proposed the Comprehensive Convention on International Terrorism (CCIT) in 1996.
📌 Active role in UNSC, FATF, SCO, BRICS, and QUAD.
📌 Advocates against double standards in tackling terrorism.
📌 Focus areas – terror financing, safe havens, radicalization, cyberterrorism.
📌 Challenges – lack of global consensus, misuse of terrorism by some states.

Final Thoughts

India’s consistent efforts highlight that terrorism is a global threat requiring global unity. By pushing for strong conventions, participating in international security frameworks, and strengthening domestic laws, India has become a leading voice in global counter-terrorism efforts.

However, challenges remain, especially the lack of a universal definition of terrorism and the reluctance of some states to act decisively. Going forward, India will continue to champion zero tolerance for terrorism and work towards building a safe, secure, and peaceful global order.